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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tbjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и социально значимые заболевания</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and socially significant diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-0346</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-0354</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Ин-Тренд</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tbjournal-219</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА ВНЕЛЕГОЧНЫХ ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИЙ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хирургия остеомиелитов краниоаксиальной и субаксиальной области шейного отдела позвоночника, основанная на биомеханической модели патологического процесса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SURGERY OF CRANIOVERTEBRAL JUNCTION SPONDYLITIS BASED ON THE MODEL OF THE PATHOLOGICAL BIOMECHANICS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лавров</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лавров Валерьян Николаевич – главный научный сотрудник отдела хирургии ФГБУ «Центральный НИИ туберкулеза РАМН», доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>107564, г. Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2Тел.: +7 (916) 147-56-14</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.n.lavrov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселев Анатолий Михайлович − руководитель отделения нейрохирургии ГБУЗ Московской области «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского», доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, корп. 11Тел.: + 7 (495) 631-74-25, 681-76-94, 684-56-29</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГБУ «Центральный НИИ туберкулеза РАМН»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>ГБУЗ Московской области «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лавров В.Н., Киселев А.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лавров В.Н., Киселев А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lavrov V.N., Kiselev A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/219">https://www.tb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/219</self-uri><abstract><p>При определении метода лечения спондилитов краниовертебральной области (КВО) целесообразно основываться не только на морфологических, но и на биомеханических изменениях. Предложена трехстолбовая модель КВО, отражающая биомеханические нарушения при воспалительных процессах, вызванные силами тонического состояния мышц и консольным расположением головы. Биомеханика субаксильного отдела оценивалась на основе концепции F. Denis. Предложенная патобиомеханическая модель позволяет выработать тактику хирургического вмешательства, основанную на восстановлении опорных столбов КВО и субаксиального отдела и обеспечивающую хороший результат с регрессией неврологической симптоматики и формированием костного блока в области спондилодеза у 85% больных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The choice of management for craniovertebral junction (CVJ) spondylitis should be based both on morphologic and biomechanical changes of this region. Utilizing biomechanical concept of F. Denis, the “three column”–model of CVJ was elaborated, that explain biomechanical changes in spondylitis caused by the forces of the tonic muscles and cantilever location of the head. Proposed biomechanical model determines the kind of surgical treatment based on restoration of the affected CVJ columns. The good results of surgery, based on this model, were obtained in 85% patients: regression of neurological symptoms and osseous block in spondylodesis region formation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спондилиты краниовертебральной области</kwd><kwd>биомеханика</kwd><kwd>комбинированный спондилодез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spondylitis</kwd><kwd>craniovertebral junction</kwd><kwd>biomechanics</kwd><kwd>combined spondylodesis.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лавров В.Н., Киселев А.М. Атлантоаксиальная дислокация при спондилитах шейного отдела позвоночника // Пробл. туберкулеза. – 2001. – № 9. – С. 42-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Лавров В.Н., Киселев А.М. 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