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Analysis of predictors of treatment failure in patients with pre-extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis with varying disease duration

https://doi.org/10.54921/2413-0346-2026-14-1-36-43

Abstract

Objective. To analyse predictors of treatment failure and their relationship with disease duration in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis caused by pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Subjects and methods. A total of 247 HIV-negative patients with pre-XDR tuberculosis were examined and treated. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 – 49 individuals with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis caused by a pre-extensively drug-resistant pathogen; Group 2 – 198 previously treated patients.

Results. Significant predictors of treatment failure were identified: patient age under 40 years (OR = 4.15, 95% CI 2.78–6.42, p = 0.013), ineffective previous treatment of two or more courses (OR=3.95, 95% CI 1.68–5.21, p = 0.032), high comorbidity burden (OR = 3.45, 95% CI 1.56–5.36, p = 0.007), radiological signs of lung parenchymal destruction (OR = 4.26, 95% CI 1.86–5.72, p = 0.012), frequent development of adverse drug reactions (OR = 4.17, 95% CI 1.84–7.25, p = 0.037), low patient adherence (OR = 3.91, 95% CI 2.11–5.82, p < 0.0001), and the inability to undergo the surgical stage of treatment (OR = 11.5, 95% CI 5.6–23.8, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion. The duration of the tuberculosis process did not influence treatment effectiveness as measured by sputum conversion; however, a significant association was found between disease duration and the closure of destruction cavities. Identification of these predictors at the initial stage of chemotherapy may allow for timely adjustment of the pre-XDR TB treatment plan.

About the Authors

A. M. Tikhonov
Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis
Russian Federation

Moscow 



S. A. Pavlov
Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis
Russian Federation

Moscow 



O. M. Gordeeva
Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis
Russian Federation

Moscow 



N. L. Karpina
Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis
Russian Federation

Moscow 



V. V. Romanov
Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis
Russian Federation

Moscow 



A. E. Ergeshov
Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis ; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation

Moscow 



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For citations:


Tikhonov A.M., Pavlov S.A., Gordeeva O.M., Karpina N.L., Romanov V.V., Ergeshov A.E. Analysis of predictors of treatment failure in patients with pre-extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis with varying disease duration. Tuberculosis and socially significant diseases. 2026;14(1):36-43. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.54921/2413-0346-2026-14-1-36-43

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