Diagnostic capacities of the ELISPOT laboratory method in the detection of tuberculosis infection in the study of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
https://doi.org/10.54921/2413-0346-2025-13-2-25-33
Abstract
Aim. Determine the diagnostic capabilities of the IGRA test system based on the ELISPOT platform in detecting specifically sensitized cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, including patients with HIV infection.
Materials and methods. The sensitivity of the ELISPOT laboratory test system was analyzed in the study of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood from 70 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and 31 patients with HIV-tuberculosis coinfection. Samples from each patient were examined by the immunological method using the T-SPOT®.TB test system (Oxford Immunotec Limited, UK).
Results. In HIV-negative patients, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis can increase the clinical sensitivity of the laboratory test system to 81.4% (95%CI 70.8-88.8%) compared with peripheral blood analysis (74.3%; 95%CI 63.0-83.1%). In HIV-infected patients, examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid resulted in a decrease in the clinical sensitivity of the test system to 61.3% (95% CI 43.8-76.3%) compared with peripheral blood analysis (77.4%, 95%CI 60.2-88.6%; p<0.05).
Conclusion. Examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid using the T-SPOT® test system.TB helps to increase the detection of tuberculosis infection predominantly in uninfected HIV patients.
About the Authors
T. V. Vaneeva
Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Tuberculosis Control of the Moscow Government Department of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
S. V. Bykov
Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Tuberculosis Control of the Moscow Government Department of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
M. A. Sviridenko
Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Tuberculosis Control of the Moscow Government Department of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
S. G. Safonova
Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Tuberculosis Control of the Moscow Government Department of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
M. V. Sinitsyn
Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Tuberculosis Control of the Moscow Government Department of Health ; National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Russian Ministry of Health ; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Vaneeva T.V., Bykov S.V., Sviridenko M.A., Safonova S.G., Sinitsyn M.V. Diagnostic capacities of the ELISPOT laboratory method in the detection of tuberculosis infection in the study of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Tuberculosis and socially significant diseases. 2025;13(2):25-33. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.54921/2413-0346-2025-13-2-25-33
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