Mortality of tuberculosis patients in Moscow during the Covid-19 pamdemic

The study analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on the structure of mortality in TB patients in Moscow. Information processed on 1605 cases of death of TB patients from various causes, which registered in 2019–2021 on the city, as well as data from two registers of the city’s tuberculosis surveillance system: the register of deaths of TB patients and register of cases of tuberculosis associated with COVID-19.

The analysis showed that in 2019–2021 the total number of deaths from TB patients in Moscow, regardless of the cause of death, continued to decline: in the group of deaths from HIV infection – by 37.3% and those who died from tuberculosis – by 27.3%. All these years, the proportion of deaths from tuberculosis and HIV infection did not differ significantly, accounting for 32–37% of the total number of deaths.

Among TB patients from city residents who died in 2019–2021 not from tuberculosis, the largest proportion was deaths from HIV infection (62.6%, 42.0% and 46.5%, respectively). In 2019, the next nosology after HIV infection, considered as the cause of death, were neoplasms – 9.3%, in 2020 – diseases of the circulatory system – 12.4% and COVID-19 – 9.8%, and in 2021: COVID-19 became the leading cause of death not from TB and not from HIV infection – 18.2%.

In 2019–2020: there was an increase in the number of cases of post-mortem TB detection in relation to the number of new TB cases from 4.0% (3.3–4.8%) to 7.3% (6.3–8.5%), with a further decrease in the indicator in 2021 to 3.7% (3.0–4.5%).

During the years of the pandemic, there was also an increase in the proportion of deaths at home from 13.8% to 15.8%, with a significant decrease in the indicator in 2021 to 10.1%.

Analysis of the data showed a greater vulnerability to death from COVID-19 in patients with tuberculosis associated with HIV infection. Mortality and mortality from COVID-19 for these patients was 39.1 per 1000 patients and 9.9%, respectively, compared with 9.7 per 1000 patients and 4.5%, respectively, for TB patients without HIV infection.

Information on the mortality of TB patients in 2019–2021, obtained by the city’s TB monitoring system, confirmed the effectiveness of the Moscow TB service during this period of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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